Carbon
Footprints
The
Earth is warming but not just due to the 'greenhouse effect.'
There
is another effect: radioactive decay heat from nuclear testing
fallout.
Nuclear
testing by global powers during the 1950s and 1960s littered the oceans
with tens of thousands of pounds of manmade radioactive substances.
All of that radioactive debris gives off heat over time.
If
we assume:
*
post-blast decay-heat
generates about 595 calories each second per kiloton (of nuclear blast),
*
fallout debris from about 190,000 kilotons (fission yield) of nuclear
testing ended up in the oceans from above-ground testing and some leaked
underwater/underground (i.e. French, U.S. Pacific) tests,
*
then that's 113 million Calories
*
we assume that 1.26 billion seconds lapsed in the 40 years since the 'median point' of
testing occurred (40*365*24*60*60),
*
then we have 113 million calories per second x
1.26 billion seconds or 1.42 × 1017calories.
If
it takes 1000 calories to heat 1 Liter of water 1 degree Celsius, then all
that ocean fallout debris would raise just 1 liter of water
1.42 x 1013 degrees
Celsius.
Although
the oceans' volume is 7.4 x 1020 liters, virtually
all 'fission products' remain on - float up to - the surface, so we'll
stick to the epipelagic zone, the top 650 ft, which
is about 7 x 1013 liters.
So,
if all that heat raises 1 liter of water 1.42 x 1013 degrees
Celsius, then it would raise the water temperatures in the epipelagic zone
(7 x 1013 L) by
0.2 degrees Celsius/0.36 degrees Fahrenheit.
Maybe
this number is too high because the rate of decay heat from radioactive
debris decreases over time.
Let's
try again. If we assume:
*
a 1 kiloton nuclear fission
blast creates 1012 calories,
then 190,000 kilotons produces 1.9 x 1017 calories
*
if 10% of the energy of a
nuclear blast concentrates in 'fission product' decay heat,
*
then fallout debris in the oceans were heated by 1.9
x 1016 calories
The
ocean water temperature will rise in the epipelagic zone by 0.027
degrees Celsius.
If
the oceans have risen in temperature by about 0.2 degrees Celsius since
the 1950s, then radioactive fallout accounts for about 10% of the
warming.
Domain
availability:
CarbonFootprints.com
Disclaimer:
None of this math is factually based or accurate, but it might be.